Stages of Development Estimates In Detail

Stages that need to be done to make estimates in detail are:
- Acquisition of contract documents: Contractors need to have a bidding contract documents 

- Review the documents and the circumstances of the project: The document that is necessary in the review to find out the date of supply, the requirements of equal opportunities for employment, the standard requirements, salaries, schedules, alternative, contracts, and others. General information about the project generally consists of a state project, field visits, internal conditions (resources), and external conditions (conditions that could affect the project). 

- Attending meetings explanation: Meeting the explanation is a good opportunity for contractors to ask for clarification on matters that are less jeas, or employment alternatives. 

-To determine when to make deals: The decision to make (or not) bid for the project is based on facts gathered by the estimator, risk analysis and whether the project sesuaidengan company's strategic plan. 

- Consideration of a bidding strategy: Techniques in use in bidding strategy may consist of better construction methods, knowledge of the needs of project owners, success in similar projects, and experience in building quality projects safely. 

- Request a price list of material suppliers and subcontractors: It is necessary to obtain accurate pricing of materials and subcontractors. 

- Building construction methods, planning and scheduling: Estimates should reflect the construction method given for each method has a level of productivity and equipment requirements are different. 

- Terms of guarantees, insurance and costs: Estimator should include the cost of insurance and guarantees in the bidding. Defined in the specification and type of insurance that guarantees the project owner desired. Estimator needs to add a power of attorney from the firm in charge of security offerings. 

- Prepare a review of the spec: Estimator need to do a review of the specification before examining the quantity of things to note:
      - Services provided by contractors such as field offices for architects and telephone providers.
      - List the name of a reliable supplier companies.
      - Terms of materials with a special performance.
      - Special construction requirements of the owner. 

- Prepare a review of the quantity: Estimator need to study the size and physical characteristics of the material, its impact on labor, and the type of equipment needed to use the selected material. 

- Review of the sort and quantity of material consistent: Estimator based on the position of greatest general sort of work so we get a general idea of ​​suatiu project, and need to be consistent in the review:
      - Numbers should be written in the same order.
      - Place a check mark to the inside of the image that has been explored.
      - Consistency of dimensions.
      - Avoid scale a picture 

- Units of measurement: in use to calculate the quantity, haris may indicate a correct assessment. 

- Measure calculation: calculation of the estimates should be accurate on basic mathematics. This includes algebra, geometry, trigonometry, conversion rate and the laws of mathematics.

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Type Of Fishing Rods

In fishing. there is a kind of hook to fish. in the hook. there are all sorts of names. namely
1. eye = hole to insert the string
2. piont = the distance between the tip of the hook with a hook arm
etc.

There are various forms of hook, hook-eyed 3.

in fishing. should determine who will be first fish fishing. if the big fish, must wear a big hook. who do not wear a small hook. because if we use a small hook. then the fish will escape. in a little fishing. must use a small hook.

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Cost Budgeting

Estimates of activity in construction projects carried out with a specific purpose depending on the party who made it. Party owner to make estimates in order to obtain clarity about the costs that must he made available to realize the project. The results of these estimates are referred to as OE (Owner Estimate) or EE (Engineer Estimate). The contractor to make estimates for the purpose of bidding against proyekn kegiatab construction.

The contractor will win the auction if the proposed approach offers OE / EE. The range is still acceptable to the owner will be discussed in a separate chapter, which is about the auction. In determining the offering price, the contractor must include other aspects in which if the later will affect the cost of the project.

steps taken to prepare the budget is as follows:
- To collect data about the type, price and market ability to provide the materials / construction material to continue

- Conduct data collection on the wages prevailing in the area of ​​the project site and Utau wages in general, if the workers brought in from outside the project site

- Perform calculations and analysis of materials by using the analysis of wages in both believed by the creator of the budget. In the market there is a book BOW (Burgelijke Openbare Werken).

- Perform the calculation of unit prices of work by utilizing the results of the analysis unit of work and list the quantity of work

- Create a recapitulation

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types of fishing rods

The types of fishing rods there are 9 kinds. namely:

1. Spinning rods.This there are many fishing stores. stick can be used for fishing and
   light weight. the stick is durable enough   to withstand fishing pressure.

2. Jigging rods. This type of rod is widely available in commercial ships.
   the stick is made ​​of strong materials and can lift heavy or light fish

3. Surf rods. type of rod is considered the longest of other stalks.
   This rod length varies between 3 meters to 4.2 meters

4. Carbon fiber rods. This is the kind of hi-tech rod that is used for coarse fishing.
   These types of rods to help catch the big fish.

5. Fly. This type of rod used for fishing freshwater fish, which are made of carbon graphite. among others:
    1. bamboo fly fishing rod
    2. graphite fly fishing rods
    3. fiberglass fly fishing rods

6. Tenkara rods. This type is a combination of the other rod.
   stem length is approximately 11-13 kaki.batang is widely available in stores fishing
   equipment

7. Game fishing rods. These types of rods used in saltwater. rods are designed
   luck fishing in salt water. the stem is quite thick and can be bent easily
   These rods can be used to lure the big fish

8. Boat rods. These types of rods are shorter than the other rods.
   This type is used for salted fish

9. Trout fishing rods. This type of rod for trout fishing can be in the range 7 to 10 feet.
   These rods are much lighter than the bass rod, made ​​of fiberglass or also of granite

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Defining Types of Work

Important in doing the separation of different types of activities, in order to sort through every job, so any kind of work can be given a "value" is right. Decision-making regarding the separation of the type of work is highly subjective. Estimator should always remember the principle: if the work is different then separate. Some things that can help the division of labor is as follows:

1. The type of material, labor productivity and the use of the equipment can be hold in the separation of work items. Example: the cost of materials and concrete block varies according to size. if the project requires more than one block size, the estimator should be separated by the block size for calculating the number and pricing.
2. The objective of the estimation results obtained estimator is accurate and practical. Estimation accuracy will grow with time allotted for the estimation.
3. For some materials, division of labor should be based on size due to the difference in cost for each measure.
4. The weather can affect the level of labor productivity. Schedule and some specific date could lead to differences in types of work during a particular season.
5. Equipment in use can affect the separation of the type of work because of differences in the estimated cost of each equipment. For example, the estimated job separation with the use of foundry cranes and pumps.
6. The schedule of work, the estimator can detect separation of employment.
7. There is a list of standard codes will help the cost estimator in determining the appropriate type of job segregation.
   

Another thing that would need to remember is the documentation of the estimation results. when the project began to run the search quantity should still be achieved. because of this reason the estimates need to be made with good, clear and easy to follow. Each type of work in the estimation should have deskripsidan location, where the description should be explicit and definitive; location should be a reference and image

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Estimated Detail In General

Preparation of Detailed Estimates

The main purpose of making a detailed estimate is for the procurement of a job or project and as a basis intuk evaluation and control of the project, carried out a comparison between "what happened" with "what should be happening". In this case to see the progress of a project will be compared between the cost had recently issued a budget plan that has been set. General contractor to estimate the details according to UCI format (Uniform Construction Index). Estimates for the general contractor organization is divided according to the 16 divisions.

Estimator required to make the system capable of accommodating the cost estimates for sub-contractors for all divisions so that all the items within the scope of work covered in the sub-contractor that the contractor bidding on projects aimed for the owner. UCI format is divided into 16 main events with code that has been given, namely:
                                              Uniform Construction Index

Stages in building a detailed estimate that is:
- Perform the calculation as the volume of material that will be used in project implementation
- Peroses assignment, which at this stage estimator to calculate the estimated cost of material, labor, subcontracting, equipment and other
- Stages of the recapitulation, a summary estimate of the order of work, serves to calculate the various overhead costs such as taxes, insurance and guarantees. This stage is a general description of the estimation

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